In Turkey, about Turkmenistan spends 3. Turkey spends 4. Turkey is a sovereign country in Middle East, with a total land area of approximately , sq km. After a period of one-party rule, an experiment with multi-party politics led to the election victory of the opposition Democratic Party and the peaceful transfer of power. Since then, Turkish political parties have multiplied, but democracy has been fractured by periods of instability and intermittent military coups , , , which in each case eventually resulted in a return of political power to civilians.
In , the military again helped engineer the ouster - popularly dubbed a "post-modern coup" - of the then Islamic-oriented government. Turkey intervened militarily on Cyprus in to prevent a Greek takeover of the island and has since acted as patron state to the "Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus," which only Turkey recognizes.
After the capture of the group's leader in , the insurgents largely withdrew from Turkey mainly to northern Iraq. In , KGK and the Turkish Government agreed to a ceasefire that continues despite slow progress in ongoing peace talks. In , Turkey became an associate member of the European Community. Over the past decade, it has undertaken many reforms to strengthen its democracy and economy; it began accession membership talks with the European Union in How big is Turkey compared to Turkmenistan?
In , Turkey did not export any services to Turkmenistan. During the last 24 years the exports of Turkmenistan to Turkey have increased at an annualized rate of 4. In , Turkmenistan did not export any services to Turkey. This map shows whether countries import more from Turkey or Turkmenistan.
Each country is colored based on the difference in imports they receive from Turkey and Turkmenistan or the difference in the growth in imports. This chart compares trade between Turkey and Turkmenistan by product, considering products traded by both, Turkey and Turkmenistan. This section shows import tariffs for products traded between Turkey and Turkmenistan using the HS6 product classification and the last year reported. This visualization show the product space at the HS4 level colored from blue to red.
Like many other Turkic languages, Turkmen has vowel harmony vowels of the suffixes change to fit the other vowels in the stem and is an agglutinative language, where each suffix added to the stem indicates only one meaning; these suffixes attach to the word stem one after another in a set order. Turkmen vocabulary has been influenced by Arabic, Persian, and Russian. However, after the collapse of the Soviet-Union, many Russian loanwords in Turkmen have been replaced with new Turkmen ones.
Similar to other Central Asian Turkic languages, Turkmen has been written in a number of alphabets. Textual remains of early Turkic varieties from in and around Turkmenistan are attested in a variety of scripts, including the Old Turkic runic alphabet and others. Before , Turkmens used the Perso-Arabic script to write their language. Then for a short time between and , they adopted a Latin script before switching to a Cyrillic script under Soviet Rule, which they used until the s when the Latin script was reintroduced.
Throughout its history, the territory of what is now Turkmenistan, has been part of the Persian, Greek, Arab, Mongol, Russian, and Soviet empires, thus the local people and their traditions have been influenced for millennia by cultures and civilizations from Greece to China, and from Middle East to Siberia.
In the 8th century, due to Arab influences, much of Turkmenistan converted to Islam. Today, majority of Turkmens identify themselves as Sunni Muslims. However, due to its Soviet past, Turkmen society is relatively secular.
Traditionally, Turkmen are a nomadic people known for their horsemanship. The Turkmen horse, Akhal-Teke, was bred for war and raiding and is considered to be one the oldest surviving horse breeds.
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