Textbook of Adult Emergency Medicine. Chen JH. Acute and chronic pelvic pain. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; chap Harken AH. Priorities in evaluation of the acute abdomen. Abernathy's Surgical Secrets. First week of human development. The Developing Human. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; chap 2. Updated by: John D. Editorial team. Symptoms include lower-abdominal pain that: Occurs only on one side.
Goes on for minutes to a few hours. It can last up to 24 to 48 hours. Feels like a sharp, cramping pain unlike other pain. Severe rare. May switch sides from month to month. Begins midway through the menstrual cycle. This means that pain usually centers on one side of the abdomen or pelvis. Ovulation pain can range from mild to severe.
Some woman also notice a bit of bleeding or discharge during mittelschmerz. Ovulation pain can last anywhere from minutes to a couple of days, says Dr. Some women feel mittelschmerz during every cycle, while others only have it occasionally. Pain in your abdomen could have many different causes, including gas and sexually transmitted diseases. According to Dr. Kudesia, these include breast tenderness and an increase in libido, as well as clear stretchy cervical mucus that resembles egg whites.
Keep in mind that pregnancy is most likely to occur on the day of ovulation and five days beforehand since sperm can survive in the reproductive tract for five days. If you want to pinpoint your ovulation, consider using tools like ovulation predictor kits , fertility monitors, and basal body temperature thermometers. Learn more about finding your six-day fertile window the time when pregnancy is most likely to occur here.
If the pain prevents you from having sex or going about your daily life, this is also not normal. Sometimes, the aches you experience have nothing to do with ovulation. What could be causing ovulation pain in these cases? Another term for ovulation pain is mittelschmerz. Ovulation pain doesn't necessarily occur at the exact moment the egg is released from the ovary.
It may occur a few days before or after ovulation. Most experience a dull, achy feeling that lasts for a few hours or even over a couple of days.
Other women experience a sudden, sharp pain, lasting just a moment. Though the pain is typically mild, it has been known to land some women in the emergency room for suspected appendicitis—though such a severe reaction is rare.
You may notice that the pain is more frequent on one side versus the other. While you may have been taught that the ovaries "take turns ovulating," this isn't true. It's normal for one side to ovulate more often than the other.
No one is sure what causes ovulation pain, but there are a few theories. Endometriosis can cause pelvic pain at any time, but it can be quite severe during your menstrual cycle and near ovulation. Some women with endometriosis experience such bad pain before and during ovulation that they can't have sex comfortably , which makes timing sex for pregnancy difficult. Endometriosis isn't the only possible cause of abnormal cramping around ovulation, though.
For example:. Some research suggests that ovulation pain can actually signal ovulation. One study found that it came on the same day that the luteinizing hormone LH peaked. It peaks during your most fertile time, just before you ovulate. However, another study used ultrasound technology to connect mid-cycle cramps to actual ovulation and discovered that ovulation occurred a couple of days after women reported the side pain.
Although it could be a symptom indicating ovulation is imminent, it's probably best not to rely on ovulation pain as a primary way to detect your fertile window. Some women report cramps during the time of embryo implantation. Certainly, women feeling cramps are experiencing real pain, but whether this pain is embryo implantation, ovulation, or something else is difficult to discern.
Some women will only have ovulation pain in a quick, burst of sharp pain. It hurts! Other women, however, may experience longer-lasting discomfort.
The first thing most people think of doing when they have pain is to take an over-the-counter pain reliever, like ibuprofen or acetaminophen. That is one option for ovulation pain. However, some small studies have found a possible connection between common pain relievers and an increased time to pregnancy, specifically with naproxen and ibuprofen.
For example, endometriosis can cause pain—including pain around the time of ovulation—and infertility. Women with endometriosis are much more likely to take pain relievers. If you want to take a pain reliever, acetaminophen has the least evidence of any effect on fertility.
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